Journal of Health and Dental Sciences

MANAGEMENT OF TOOTH EXTRACTION WITH LOCAL ANESTHESIA IN ELDERLY WITH DIABETES MELLITUS AND OBESITY: LITERATURE REVIEW

2025-06-05T15:19:58+00:00

Dental health in the elderly is significantly influenced by aging and systemic conditions such as diabetes mellitus and obesity, which increase the risk of complications during dental procedures, particularly tooth extraction. . Diabetes can impair wound healing and heighten susceptibility to infection, while obesity is associated with increased procedural risks. Proper management of local anesthesia and a comprehensive medical approach are key to the success of tooth extraction procedures in elderly patients with diabetes mellitus and obesity. This literature review aims to analyze the role of local anesthesia in the management of tooth extraction in elderly patients with diabetes mellitus and obesity.This study uses a literature review method to evaluate and synthesize research on local anesthesia in dental procedures for patients with hypertension, diabetes, and obesity in older people. Articles used were sourced from databases such as Google Scholar, PubMed, Science Direct, and ResearchGate, covering publications from 2000 to 2023. The selected literature focuses on the effects of local anesthesia on related medical conditions and its implications in dental practice for elderly patients. Tooth extraction management in elderly patients with diabetes mellitus and obesity requires a cautious approach, including blood sugar control, appropriate local anesthesia selection, and careful monitoring of vital signs to prevent complications. Effective communication between the dentist and the patient is crucial to reduce anxiety, while intensive post-operative care and pain management are also critical in the recovery process. With the right approach, the extraction procedure can be performed with minimal complications in elderly patients with these medical conditions.

DOI : 10.54052/jhds.v5n1.p1-18

ORAL MANIFESTATIONS IN CHILDREN WITH DOWN SYNDROME

2025-06-06T01:43:59+00:00

Down syndrome is an autosomal genetic disorder that can occur in both men and women, with an extra chromosome 21. This literature review aimed to determine the oral manifestations and management of patients with Down syndrome. The method used in this literature review involved reviewing relevant national and international journal articles related to Down syndrome and its oral manifestations, retrieved from databases such as PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar. The results of this literature review showed that children with Down syndrome have several clinical features, such as muscle hypotonia, brachycephaly, flat nose, hypersalivation, and various comorbid systemic diseases, such as congenital heart defects. Oral manifestations included mouth breathing, open bite, macroglossia, delayed tooth eruption, dental agenesis, caries, periodontal disease, and dental anomalies. Behavior management in patients with Down syndrome is something that must be considered so that tooth treatment can be carried out optimally.

DOI : 10.54052/jhds.v5n1.p19-30

DISTRIBUTION AND FREQUENCY OF DENTOALVEOLAR FRACTURE OF ANTERIOR TEETH AND ITS MANAGEMENT IN PAEDIATRIC PATIENTS

2025-04-23T00:38:17+00:00

Dentoalveolar fractures are the most common types of orofacial fractures. Differences influence variations in prevalence across regions in fracture classification systems, demographic factors, and the behaviors that lead to trauma. This study aimed to determine the distribution and frequency of anterior dentoalveolar fractures based on age, gender, cause of fracture, classification of fracture, and its management. At Dental and Oral Hospital Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Indonesia, from October 2019 to October 2024. A retrospective descriptive approach took secondary data from paediatric patients at the Dental and Oral Hospital, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Indonesia, from October 2019 to October 2024. In a study of 113 fracture cases, 68.1% were dentoalveolar fractures, with 29.2% meeting inclusion criteria involving 48 teeth. The highest incidence occurred in the 10–18-year age group (45.5%), predominantly in males (57.6%). Falls were the leading cause (66.7%), and uncomplicated crown fractures were most common (45.8%). Primary tooth fractures (Class IX) were the most frequently found (39.6%) and most commonly occurred in the upper first incisors (75%). Composite restorations were the most common treatment (39.6%). This study demonstrates that dentoalveolar fractures in paediatric patients predominantly affect male adolescents, with falls being the leading cause, and permanent teeth, especially the maxillary central incisors, being the most impacted. Composite restoration is the most commonly performed treatment method.

DOI : 10.54052/jhds.v5n1.p31-42

DISCOLORATION OF HEAT CURED ACRYLIC RESIN PLATE DUE TO INFUSION OF TELANG FLOWER TEA (Clitori ternatea)

2025-06-06T06:16:36+00:00

Tooth loss is a common oral health problem that can lead to reduced masticatory function, compromised aesthetics, and impaired speech. Heat-cured acrylic resin is a widely used denture base material due to its favorable aesthetics, ease of manipulation, affordability, and non-toxicity. However, its color stability can be compromised by dietary exposure to pigmented substances such as coffee, tea, and fruit juices. Herbal beverages, including telang flower (Clitoria ternatea) tea, are increasingly consumed in Indonesia. This study aimed to determine the effect of telang flower tea infusion on the color stability of heat-cured acrylic resin over varying immersion durations.This experimental study used a pre-test and post-test control group design. Heat-cured acrylic resin plate samples were immersed in telang flower tea infusion for 1, 3, 5, and 7 days. Color changes were measured using a spectrophotometer at a wavelength of 680 nm. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA to assess differences in color change across groups, followed by a post hoc Tukey test. (P<0.05). Results revealed significant differences in color changes between the control and treatment groups (p=0.02), with the greatest discoloration observed after 7 days of immersion. The degree of color change increased with longer soaking durations, indicating a time-dependent effect of telang flower tea on the acrylic resin surface. Conclusion are telang flower tea infusion significantly affects the color stability of heat-cured acrylic resin. The longer the immersion time, the greater the discoloration observed. These findings suggest that dietary habits involving herbal teas may influence the aesthetic durability of denture materials.

DOI : 10.54052/jhds.v5n1.p43-50

IMPACTION OF PERMANENT CANINES DUE TO PERSISTENCE OF PRIMARY TEETH ON DIFFERENT RADIOGRAPHIC IMAGES: CASE REPORT

2025-06-06T06:11:06+00:00

24-year-old male patient came to the Unjani Teaching Dental and Oral Hospital complaining of a disturbing residual root of the upper right front tooth and wanted to be extracted. Still, when a periapical radiograph was taken, it was found that the residual root of the tooth was a primary tooth that had not yet fallen out because there was a radiopaque picture resembling the impaction of a permanent canine tooth at the apex of the tooth. The patient never felt pain, and the complaint had never been treated before, so the patient wanted treatment to eliminate the complaint. Further supporting examination is needed, such as an occlusal radiography examination, which plays an important role in seeing the position of impaction of permanent canines in the upper and lower jaws and serves as a basis for determining the treatment plan to be carried out. This case report aims to describe the eruption disorder in the form of impaction of maxillary permanent canines due to the persistence of residual roots of primary teeth and to see in detail the position of the impaction from radiographic images of occlusal photos in the upper jaw.This case shows that the persistence of primary teeth can cause abnormalities in the direction of growth of permanent teeth into tooth impaction abnormalities found from radiographic images.

DOI : 10.54052/jhds.v5n1.p51-58

MANAGEMENT OF ZYGOMA FRACTURE DUE TO MOTORCYCLE ACCIDENT WITH OPEN REDUCTION AND INTERNAL FIXATION TECHNIQUE AT RSD GUNUNG JATI CIREBON INDONESIA

2025-06-13T02:44:20+00:00

Zygoma fracture is part of midfacial trauma, which is usually caused by contact force, especially due to traffic accidents. Zygoma fracture can be accompanied by damage to soft tissue, teeth, and bone structure around the zygoma. A 20-year-old male patient came to the Emergency Room of RSD Gunung Jati Cirebon Indonesia with complaints of bleeding from the mouth for 8 hours due to a motorcycle accident. The patient was wearing a half-face helmet, and his face was hit the sidewalk. and had no history of being unconscious, nausea, vomiting, nor bleeding from the nose and ears. On examination, the face appeared asymmetrical, accompanied by edema and an abrasion wound on the left cheek, a laceration on the tongue, and avulsion of teeth 33 and 42. The patient underwent a CBCT examination, with the results showing a fracture line on the left zygoma. The patient was treated by performing an Open Reduction Internal Fixation (ORIF) on the fracture and stitching the wound on the tongue. The fracture healed well, chewing and speech function improved, and the face returned to symmetry with good dental occlusion.

DOI : 10.54052/jhds.v5n1.p59-68

THE USE OF OLIVE OIL AS A PRESSURE INDICATOR PASTE MATERIAL IN CASES OF TRAUMATIC COMPLETE DENTURE ULCERS

2025-06-13T02:21:48+00:00

Traumatic ulcers are a common complication in edentulous patients following the placement of complete dentures, often causing significant discomfort and leading to denture discontinuation. These ulcers typically result from ill-fitting dentures, overextended flanges, improper adaptation, or poor occlusal contacts. Management involves denture adjustment, temporary discontinuation of use, and the application of systemic or topical medications to promote healing. A critical step in denture adjustment is identifying excessive pressure areas using pressure indicator paste (PIP). This case report discusses the management of traumatic ulcers in a 60-year-old male patient utilizing a mixture of olive oil and zinc oxide powder as an alternative PIP. The patient presented with a painful ulcer on the lingual alveolar ridge of the mandible, which was exacerbated by denture use. Intraoral examination revealed a single white ulcer with erythematous edges. The denture was adjusted by reducing excessive areas identified using the olive oil-zinc oxide PIP and using Kenalog and Chlorhexidine gluconate 0.2% for ulcer healing. At the 7-day follow-up, the ulcer had healed, and the patient reported no pain. Using olive oil and zinc oxide as a PIP proved effective due to its non-setting properties and thick consistency, providing sufficient working time for precise adjustments. This mixture offers a practical and accessible alternative for identifying pressure points, ensuring optimal denture adaptation, retention, and stability. The case highlights the importance of addressing causative factors and utilizing innovative solutions for managing traumatic ulcers in complete denture wearers.

DOI : 10.54052/jhds.v5n1.p69-78

ADDRESSING ANTERIOR CROWDING OF THE LOWER JAW WITHOUT EXPANSION SCREWS

2025-06-06T06:25:06+00:00

Tooth malposition is a condition in which teeth are not in an ideal position in the jaw. Crowding and diastema are the most common malocclusion conditions encountered because of a mismatch between the length of the dental arch and jaw arch. Mild cases of malposition can be treated with removable orthodontic appliances. This report presents a case of anterior crowding of the lower jaw and the persistence of teeth 75 and 85. Removable orthodontic appliances were used to resolve anterior crowding without using expansion screws to gain space in the lower jaw. The removable orthodontic appliances used were coils and c-rectors as active components, and Adam's hooks to gain retention. Labial bows were used to maintain the shape of the dental arches. In the upper jaw, a central diastema caused by an abnormal frenulum attachment was observed. After 9 months of treatment, the anterior crowding of the lower jaw improved by utilizing the space which was the difference in width between teeth 75 and 85, and teeth 35 and 45, which replaced their positions. . Patient cooperation in the use of removable orthodontic appliances to obtain good treatment results can be achieved by consistently educating and remotivating patients.

DOI : 10.54052/jhds.v5n1.p79-88

PROTECTIVE EFFECT OF PURPLE SWEET POTATO (Ipomoea batatas L.) EXTRACT ON GENTAMYCIN-INDUCED WISTAR RATS LIVER CELLS

2025-06-06T11:59:10+00:00

Gentamicin is a commonly used antibiotic for treating aerobic gram-negative bacterial infections. However, it has hepatotoxic effects that can damage liver hepatocyte cells through the generation of free radicals. Antioxidant compounds are needed to neutralize these free radicals and prevent cellular damage. Purple sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L.) is known to be rich in anthocyanins, which possess antioxidant properties. This study aimed to determine the effect of ethanol extract of purple sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L.) on liver histopathology in Wistar rats exposed to gentamicin. This was a laboratory experimental study using 24 male Wistar rats divided into four groups (n=6 per group). Group K1 served as a negative control. Group K2 was a positive control, induced with gentamicin 80 mg/kgBW/day subcutaneously for 8 days. Group P1 received 200 mg/head of purple sweet potato ethanol extract orally along with gentamicin for 8 days. Group P2 received 400 mg/head of the extract orally along with gentamicin for 8 days. Liver damage was assessed using histopathological examination and scored based on the Manja Roenigk criteria. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s post hoc (p<0.05). Results are the highest degree of hepatocyte damage was observed in Group K2. Group P1 showed a significant reduction in liver cell damage compared to Group K2 (p<0.05), indicating hepatoprotective activity at a dose of 200 mg/head. In contrast, Group P2 showed a higher damage score than Group P1, suggesting reduced effectiveness at the higher dose. Conclusion is ethanol extract of purple sweet potato at a dose of 200 mg/head demonstrated better hepatoprotective effects compared to a dose of 400 mg/head in Wistar rats exposed to gentamicin.

DOI : 10.54052/jhds.v5n1.p89-100

ASSOCIATION BETWEEN HANDGRIP STRENGTH AND GINGIVAL RECESSION

2025-06-06T12:04:16+00:00

Gingival recession refers to the apical displacement of the gingival margin from the cemento-enamel junction (CEJ), which can be caused by mechanical trauma such as excessive brushing force. This phenomenon can affect aesthetics, sensitivity, and overall oral health. Handgrip strength is related to tooth brushing motion. This study aims to examine the relationship between handgrip strength and gingival recession. This research used an analytical observational with a cross-sectional design. With purposive sampling, data were collected from 165 pre-elderly individuals in Cimahi City. Handgrip strength was measured by hand dynamometer, while the gingival recession was clinically assessed with visual. Data was analyzed using the Chi-Square test. The study revealed a prevalence of gingival recession at 94.5%. The analysis results indicated a significant relationship between handgrip strength and the occurrence of gingival recession (p<0.05), with moderate handgrip strength showing the highest proportion of gingival recession. Excessive brushing force contributes to gingival recession, accompanied by high-pressure motion to gingiva and time. There is a significant association between handgrip strength and gingival recession.

DOI : 10.54052/jhds.v5n1.p101-112