RELATIONSHIP OF ONE SIDE CHEWING HABITS TO TEMPOROMANDIBULAR JOINT DISORDERS OCCURRENCE (HUBUNGAN KEBIASAAN MENGUNYAH SATU SISI

The temporomandibular joint is called temporomandibular disorder (TMD) and it can be characterized by pain, limited mouth opening, masticatory disorders, joint sounds (clicking or tapping sound), crepitus, tinnitus


INTRODUCTION
The temporomandibular joint disorder, or temporomandibular disorder (TMD), is characterized by impaired muscle and joint function disorders in the form of pain and limited mouth opening, masticatory disorders, joint sounds, crepitus, pain in the area around the ears, tinnitus and the head that lasts for a long time. [1][2][3][4] The percentage of the population suffering from temporomandibular joint disorders covers 76% of the total population and continues to increase every year. 5,6 Based on epidemiological studies conducted in various countries, about 5-60% of the adult population has one of the signs of temporomandibular joint disorders. 6 This is reinforced by research conducted in Brazil and the United States, which showed a person is experiencing temporomandibular joint disorders as much as 68% and 50% accompanied by deviation of the jaw opening. 7,8 Research conducted in China and Japan also found that the prevalence of signs and symptoms of temporomandibular joint disorders was 75.8% and 74%, respectively. 8,9 The which can cause pain. 3,11,15,16 Individuals who have the habit of chewing on one side have more signs and symptoms of temporomandibular joint disorders, which are more common in adulthood and occur on the right side. 11,17 Symptoms often appear with clicking sounds and pain in the temporomandibular joint area. 17

Characteristics of Respondents
The characteristics of respondents are divided by gender and age, as shown in Table 1.

Distribution of Respondents Based on One-Side Chewing Habits
The distribution based on onesided chewing habits can be seen in Table   2.

Disorders
The distribution of respondents based on symptoms of temporomandibular joint disorders can be seen in Table 3.  Table 4. The statistical analysis used in this study is the Chi-Square test. Injuries in the temporomandibular joint can be grouped into three major groups: contusions, dislocations, and condyle fractures. 29 The position of the condyle in the normal temporomandibular joint is in the center of the mandibular fossa and articular disc. 32 During translation, the flexible disc and meniscus can move anteriorly along the condyle. 13 In abnormal conditions such as chewing on one side, the condyle of the more active part will receive a greater burden and pressure. 13,15 The superior condyle will not be right with the meniscus, which will cause joint sounds. 13 The most common features of the head of the condyle found in patients with temporomandibular joint disorders are flattening, erosion, osteophyte, and sclerosis. 27,28 The articular disc is a fibrocartilage tissue that contains few blood vessels and nerves, is round and oval, and is located between the condyle and the glenoid fossa. 11,30 The articular disc is divided into  The components of the masticatory system, namely the temporomandibular joint, teeth, and muscles, must work in a balanced manner and maintain harmony.

CONFLICT OF INTEREST
A questionnaire only determined the diagnosis of temporomandibular disorders found in research subjects without a direct physical examination.The research was conducted online by distributing questionnaires through a g-form so that researchers could not assist in filling out the questionnaires because they were currently in the Covid-19 pandemic.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Our gratitude to Faculty of Dentistry Universitas Jenderal Achmad Yani and several parties helped with this research.